The tectonic setting of Timor–Leste and Eastern Indonesia comprises of a complex transition from oceanic lithosphere subduction to arc‐continental collision. To better understand the deformation and convergent‐zone structure of the region, we derive a new catalog of earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes from a temporary deployment of five years of continuous seismic data using an automated processing procedure. This includes a machine‐learning phase picker, EQTransformer, and a sequential earthquake association and location workflow. We detect and locate ∼19,000 events during 2014–2018, which demonstrates that it is possible to characterize earthquake sequences from raw seismic data using a well‐trained machine‐learning picker for a complex convergent plate setting. This study provides the most complete catalog available for the region for the duration of the temporary deployment, which includes a complex pattern of crustal events across the collision zone and into the back‐arc, as well as abundant deep slab seismicity.